At the Crossroads of a New Middle East

The US–Israel–Iran war has shattered assumptions about American omnipotence and revived the specter of state collapse across the Gulf. Regional powers are filling the vacuum. The so‑called Islamic Quad—Pakistan, Saudi Arabia, Türkiye and

Read More »

Qatar-Türkiye-Europe pipeline

Why Turkish projects to bypass the Strait of Hormuz are problematic Türkiye seeks to offer alternative trade and energy routes following the closure of the Strait of Hormuz by Iran

Read More »