The relationship between petroleum resources and armed conflict has occupied a central place in the political economy of Africa. Although oil does not automatically generate war, petroleum wealth can alter the incentives and capabilities of states, political elites, rebel movements, and external actors. Oil revenues can finance state coercion, sustain patronage networks, increase the value of territorial control, and provide ...
A historical review. By Dr. Halim Gençoğlu American politician Malcolm X said that in 1964 “You can’t understand what’s going on in Mississippi if you don’t understand what’s going on in the Congo. I’m one of the 22 million black people who are the victims of Americanism. I don’t see any American dream; I see an American nightmare”… Indeed, the ...